Gender Inequality An Ordinal Hierarchy Between Men And...

Gender equality has always been a prominent and complex subject in society, ‘a hotly contested concept [as] the precise meaning remains subject to continuous change and, as a result, to political struggle’, (Ridgeway, 2011: Preface). Ridgeway (2011: 3) defines gender inequality as ‘an ordinal hierarchy between men and women in material resources, power, and status’. Despite the considerable progress that has been made over the past decades, ‘a pattern of gender hierarchy has remained in which men continue to be advantaged not only in employment but also throughout much of society’, (Ridegeway, 2011: page 3). We can understand ‘time’ as a major issue of gender inequality, just as important as care and employment issues, yet ‘policies for more equal time are nowhere on the agenda’, (Pascall, 2008: 216). Gender inequality in time, can be measured using time use surveys. They are most useful in sufficiently recognising and collecting information on unpaid work, revealing ‘the disproportionate amount of time women dedicate to unpaid labor’, (Gross and Swirsk 2002 :4). This essay will then, focus on gendered time in order to outline what gender inequality is, how it measured and why it matters in contemporary society. This essay aims to provide evidence of how time may be gendered and what measures can be set in place to address these inequalities in time. Time is crucial in understanding gender inequalities and making progress towards greater gender equality in society (Pascall:Show MoreRelatedFeminism in India4692 Words   |  19 PagesWikipedia, the free encyclopedia Part of  a series  on | Feminism | Women  and  femininity[show] | History[show] | Variants[show] | Concepts[show] | Theory[show] | By country[show] | Lists and indexes[show] |   Feminism portal | * v   * t   * e | Feminism in India  is a set of movements aimed at defining, establishing, and defending equal political, economic, and social rights and equal opportunities for Indian women. It is the pursuit of  womens rights  within the society of  IndiaRead MoreDimensions of National Culture1821 Words   |  8 Pagescultures, in order to build a comprehensive model which argues that people differ across on the extent to which they endorse five dimensions of values. The Five Dimensions of Culture: 1. Power/Distance (PD)  : This refers to the degree of inequality that exists – and is accepted – among people with and without power. A high PD score indicates that society accepts an unequal distribution of power and people understand their place in the system. Low PD means that power is shared and well dispersedRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography: Plagiarism39529 Words   |  158 PagesLink to bibliographic citation 1159) And that presents us with a problem when we are writing about our work for publications, whether in conference presentations, organisational websites or in journals like BJET. It is essential that we distinguish between the work that has been carried out by others and the work and the writing that is due to our original efforts. Most research projects will start with a comprehensive study of the literature to determine what has been found in the past, and it is

The Walmart Case And Applied The Concepts Exposed By Cage...

3. Strategy Formation We analyzed the Walmart case and applied the concepts exposed by CAGE distance framework (Cultural, Administrative, Geographic, and Economic Distance). We saw how Walmart took notable advantage in some foreign regions such as Mexico and Canada. However the CAGE distance proved to be disappointingly significant for Walmart and produced mixed results not even close to the dominance exhibited in the US and in some others foreign locations this proved to be a disastrous venture (Germany China). This aspect is very important when we seek to form and create strategy, in essence we should ask ourselves if we are looking at the problems, issues, or proposed strategy from the same lens. It is very often that we overlook†¦show more content†¦Also significant to my edification was the lessons that high risk/high reward does not imply high cost or highly resourced, but rather can mean integrating, combining, adapting from already existing technologies and ideas from passionate individuals (Abraham Karem /Predator drone, Steve Jobs/I-products and Elon Musk /Tesla). The DARPA case had me thinking of strategy implementation, and how well do we get focused on integrating and putting an actual strategy into practice to meet our organizational goals. The idea behind DARPA arose in 1958 from an American urgency to not fall behind in the Cold War with the Soviet Union and the quickening pace of technology (USSR had launched world’s first satellite Sputnik). So hence this notion of research, gathering and cultivating breakthrough technologies that can quickly be moved to transformative ideas and consequential new realities as opposed to playing catch-up. The case study about TESLA was very insightful in the relentless quest for innovation and redefining the world’s transition to sustainable energy. It is inexplicable at times to understand the current policies of our administration such as the US withdrawal from Paris climate agreement. However the road has been paved for the investment in renewable energy and we now see more and more world governments, global commerce and transnational industry are embarking on a plan toShow MoreRelatedCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pages978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rights reserved. Permission is hereby given for the material in this publication to be reproduced for OHP transparencies and student handouts, without express permission of the Publishers, for educational purposes only. In all other cases, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without either the prior written permission of the Publishers orRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesChange Text Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 14. Initiating Change 174 174 Text iii Cases 221 221 225 The Consolidated Life Case: Caught Between Corporate Cultures Who’s in Charge? (The)(Jim)(Davis)(Case) Morin−Jarrell †¢ Driving Shareholder Value I. Valuation 229 229 253 279 1. The Value−Based Management Framework: An Overview 2. Why Value Value? 4. The Value Manager Harvard Business Review Finance Articles Eclipse of the Public Corporation Read MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages......................................................................................... 488 The Scientific Method ........................................................................................................................ 490 Some Case Studies ............................................................................................................................. 491 Review of Major Points .....................................................................................

Did the Civil War Ultimately reduce sectional antagonism and make the United States truly one nation free essay sample

Prior to Civil War, distinct Northern and Southern cultures had been established; The free North occupied the commercial industry, while the slavery-based South undertook an agricultural occupation. The South and the North began to fight over right and wrong. The major issue was regarding slavery, as the South wanted to preserve slavery while, the North wanted to get rid of it. These conflicts rose into sectional antagonism and eventually put the United States and President Lincoln in a loophole. During the Civil War however, Lincoln made some extremely controversial decisions, that resulted in a reduction of the sectional antagonism present, and the United States became truly â€Å"one nation. † The sectional issue of slavery erupted when the Fugitive Slave Law was passed in 1850. This law provided for the recovery of slaves who ran away to free states. Owners and slave catchers could seize their runaway slaves in the Northern. To accomplish this, Southern slave owners could demand assistance from federal marshals. The Northerners, many of whom were abolitionists, charged that the law made it easy to kidnap free African Americans. This dispute continued for years, until Abraham Lincoln was elected into office in 1860. Lincoln had expressed his concerns about the expansion of slavery. The Republicans had nominated Lincoln for President on a platform that opposed extending slavery into the territories. Many Southern states seceded from the Union following the fall of Ft. Sumter in 1861 (Document B and C). General Beauregard stated, â€Å"I cheerfully agreed that on surrendering the fort the commanding officer might salute his flag. † Union Commander at Ft. Sumter Maj. Robert Anderson stated, â€Å"Fort Sumter is left in ruins from the effect of the shell whilst saluting our flag as it was lowered. † During the time of the fall of the fort, there had been a considerable difference of opinion as to whether the federal government should oppose secession. Northerners wanted slave states out of the Union. Northerners figured that in a South cut off from the industrial North, slavery would wither away. Copperheads, or Northern Democrats, sympathized with the South and asked, â€Å"Why fight? † Fort Sumter united most Northerners, but only increased the tensions with the South. Lincolns was not interested in conflict. His main and only goal was to preserve the Union. He stated, â€Å"I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. † According to Document A (Lincolns First Inaugural Address), he mentioned that â€Å"[Americans] are not enemies, but friends. † Although their â€Å"passion may have strained it must not break the bonds of affection†. It shows that from the beginning of the Civil War, Lincoln believed there were â€Å"never† enemies and he believed that there shouldn’t be any antagonisms among people of United States. Despite his belief, the South refused to re-enter the Union. There were many soldiers such as Daniel Crotty, who were fighting and suffering to preserve the Union. He stated, â€Å"camp life here is very hard, the weather being very hot, and we drill a great deal. † He went on to explain the duties of the soldiers, â€Å"guard mount, guard duty, picket duty, and fatigue duty. † However, throughout the Civil War, people, who, at first, believed that they were fighting for a good cause, accepted that their disputes were useless and began to change their mind. According to Document E from Life of a Confederate Soldier, Sam Watkins, it said that all the glory and money went to â€Å"generals, colonels, majors, captains, and lieutenants. † Also it said that â€Å"generals could resign in honor, but a private could not resign and if he deserts the army, the result was death†. Many private soldiers such as Watkins from the Confederate side who fought in battles with â€Å"dint of sweat, hard marches, camp and picket duty, fasting and broken bones† questioned why the generals and high ranking officials get the honor and glory when the privates should have received them. Abolition of slavery would help the North hurt the South. Slavery was a crucial issue on the Unions diplomatic front with Britain. Lincoln realized that he could use emancipation as a weapon of war as the war was now primarily being fought over slavery. He also wanted to satisfy his own personal hope that everyone everywhere would eventually be free. So in June 1862, Congress passed a law prohibiting slavery in the territories. Lincoln issued the final form of his Emancipation Proclamation (Document F). It stated, â€Å"slaves within any State shall be then, thencefoward, and forever free. † The proclamation had a powerful symbolic effect. It broadened the base of the war by turning it in to a fight for unity. The climax of the war occurred at Gettysburg, where General Ulysses S. Grant faced General Robert E. Lee. The Union had won the war, by cutting the Confederacy into two halves. Shortly after, Lincoln gave his famous Gettysburg Address (Document G), in which he stated that all men are created equal. He was not only trying to acknowledge the slaves, but also the section issues living between the North and South. He stated, â€Å"God shall have a new birth of freedom by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth. † In addition to this, the results after the Civil War showed that there was a reduction in antagonisms in U. S. At his Second Inaugural Address, Lincoln announced the imperative duty of American people to, â€Å"proceed with malice toward none; with charity toward all to finish the work we are in; to bind up the nations wounds. † Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court house in Virginia. According to Document H by General US Grant, he promised General Robert E. Lee that â€Å"each officer and man will be allowed to return to his home, not to be disturbed by the U. S authorities so long as they observed their paroles, and the laws in force where they may reside†. By not acting harshly and not punishing the Confederate soldiers, the Union and Abraham Lincoln showed that they no longer had the â€Å"hostility† or the â€Å"antagonism† toward South at the end of Civil War. Ultimately, The Civil War was a brutal war, but assisted in reducing the sectional antagonisms and joined the United States together once again. However, most of the credit for this union between the South and North was given to Lincoln. His decisions regarding slavery helped join the two sectors together into one nation. Before the Civil War, the North and South were clearly divided; however, throughout and after Civil War, the hostility against each other died out.

Porter Essays - Critical Thinking, Narratology, Rhetoric, Proverb

Porter I: Organizational Pattern: Rogerian Christa Porter examines what a true friend is. She does this by establishing a presentation with a Rogerian pattern as it's basis. This pattern is seen in several aspects mentioned by Porter, the more obvious aspect is when she invites the audience to give their opinion of what a true friend is. Porter is basically discovering what the listener's positions are when asking what they think a true friend is. Porter also reveals her pattern choice when she presents her own ideas, primarily supported by relevant Bible scriptures. II: Elaborative Devices: Q & A, Rhetorical Questions, Religion, Definition (operational), Discussion, Proverbs Christa Porter developed her argument and presentation thoroughly by including a slew of elaboration devices. Initially, Porter feels including a short discussion of what the listeners already know, what a friend is, would be very affective. Rhetorical questions play a role in Porter's development of her presentation, she asks the audience several of these questions relating to what they would do, think and know. Definitions can be useful, especially when you are trying to invite the listeners to disclose what they think the meaning of something is. Porter uses an operational definition to accomplish the task of defining what a true friend is and does Lastly, Porter takes full advantage of the effectiveness of the usage of Proverbs and religion by using several verses from Proverbs as support for her argument. III: Interactional Goal: To Articulate a Perspective One of the easier elements to point out is Porter's interactional goal, which happens to be articulating a perspective. To see this interactional goal at work just simply take a step back and look at how she develops her presentation. Porter shares information about what a true friend is and then presents her point of view about friendship. She additionally encourages others to become involved in the presentation and discussion. IV: Conclusion Porter's conclusion is short but somewhat effective. I recall when you mentioned in class that the conclusion should actually be a bit longer than those mentioned in our textbooks. Porter sets up her conclusion by providing a situation that shows the elements of a true friendship. The conclusion is accomplished when she compares and contrasts the given situation with a hypothetical friendship with God. V: Commitment Statement: This element is one of the easier pieces to disect from the presentation, mainly because of it's structure. Porter takes what you called ?the easy way out?, by using the phrase, ?today we are going to talk about something?. Basically Porter's commitment statement is, she wants to talk about a familiar topic (friendship) while receiving new ideas from the listeners. VI: Opening & Closing: I saved this analysis for last, because I feel she spent the least amount of time developing these elements within her presentation. First of all her opening consists of only ?Good Morning Y'all?, granted it is a Sunday School class, it still, I feel, requires a more elaborative style. For example, she could have said, ?Good Morning Everyone, God is good and worthy to be praised, etc. Something along those lines would have been more appropriate. VII: Compare & Contrast: Porter made some wise choices as well as bad choices. Even though the setting and audience are relatively neutral, because they all know each other, I feel Porter's opening would have been more effective if slang and trendy word choices had not been used. As far as bad choices or elements, Porter did not include any such further aspects within her presentation. On the other hand, Porter's wise choices were made when she used that small discussion at the beginning of the presentation. This discussion enticed the listeners to recall information about realistic relevant happenings in their lives. This sort of provoking is what is necessary to the persuasive nature of Sunday School. Another wise choice is when Porter chose to include an explanation of what a true friend is and how that friend may act in a given situation. This was effective primarially because it allowed the listeners to establish a sense of nostalgia within past and present friendships. VIII: Lastly, Porter's closing is somewhat embedded within her conclusion. She mention's that the point of her presentation is trusting in God, but does not add any good-byes, thank yous or at least